{"id":494,"date":"2021-03-26T11:25:00","date_gmt":"2021-03-26T03:25:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/jrmz2.org\/?p=494"},"modified":"2022-02-07T22:06:37","modified_gmt":"2022-02-07T14:06:37","slug":"%e4%bd%90%e6%b2%bb%e4%ba%9a%e6%96%b0%e9%80%89%e4%b8%be%e6%b3%95%e8%a2%ab%e8%b5%b7%e8%af%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jrmz2.org\/?p=494","title":{"rendered":"\u4f50\u6cbb\u4e9a\u65b0\u9009\u4e3e\u6cd5\u88ab\u8d77\u8bc9"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Eric \u4eca\u65e5\u7f8e\u653f \u4f50\u6cbb\u4e9a\u5dde\u65b0\u9009\u4e3e\u6cd5\u88ab\u8d77\u8bc9 \u4f50\u6cbb\u4e9a\u5dde\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6bd4\u8f83\u5178\u578b\u7684\u5357\u65b9\u4fdd\u5b88\u5dde\u3002\u5728\u4e0a\u4e16\u7eaa 60 \u5e74\u4ee3\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u90a3\u65f6\u5019\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u8fd8\u4ee3\u8868\u5357\u65b9\u4fdd\u5b88\u52bf\u529b\uff0c\u4f50\u6cbb\u4e9a\u5dde\u5728\u6bcf\u6b21\u5927\u9009\u4e2d\u51e0\u4e4e\u662f\u6e05\u4e00\u8272\u5730\u6295\u7968\u7ed9\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u5019\u9009\u4eba\u3002\u7b49\u5230\u4e86\u6c11\u6743\u8fd0\u52a8\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u548c\u5171\u548c\u515a\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u89d2\u8272\u4e92\u6362\uff0c\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u5f00\u59cb\u6210\u4e3a\u8fdb\u6b65\u515a\uff0c\u800c\u5171\u548c\u515a\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e3a\u4fdd\u5b88\u515a\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u4f50\u6cbb\u4e9a\u5dde\u5728\u5176\u540e\u7684 15 \u6b21\u5927\u9009\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ea\u6709 4 \u6b21\u9009\u62e9\u4e86\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u5019\u9009\u4eba\uff0c\u8fd9\u5305\u62ec 2020 \u5e74\u5927\u9009\u7684\u6295\u7968\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u4e24\u6b21\u662f\u6295\u7ed9\u4e86\u5409\u7c73\u5361\u7279\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5361\u7279\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u4f50\u6cbb\u4e9a\u5dde\u7684\u5dde\u957f\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e26\u6709\u4e61\u60c5\u7684\u6295\u7968\uff0c\u4e00\u6b21\u662f1992\u5e74\u6295\u7ed9\u4e86\u514b\u6797\u987f\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u90a3\u4e00\u5e74\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u6709\u529b\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u5019\u9009\u4eba\u4f69\u7f57 Ross Perot. \u5927\u5927\u5730\u5206\u6389\u4e86\u8001\u5e03\u4ec0\u603b\u7edf\u7684\u5f97\u7968\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u90a3\u4e00\u5e74\u514b\u6797\u987f\u5728\u4f50\u6cbb\u4e9a\u5dde\u4ec5\u4ec5\u9886\u5148\u8001\u5e03\u4ec0\u603b\u7edf 0.6%\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u4f69\u7f57\uff0c\u4f50\u6cbb\u4e9a\u51e0\u4e4e\u80af\u5b9a\u662f\u6295\u7968\u7ed9\u8001\u5e03\u4ec0\u603b\u7edf\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u5176\u540e 1996 \u5e74\u514b\u6797\u987f\u5bfb\u6c42\u8fde\u4efb\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4f50\u6cbb\u4e9a\u7acb\u523b\u6295\u7968\u7ed9\u4e86\u5171\u548c\u515a\u5019\u9009\u4eba Bob Dole\u3002 \u524d\u4e09\u6b21\u90fd\u662f\u6709\u7279\u6b8a\u539f\u56e0\u7684\uff0c\u4f46 2020 \u5e74\u5927\u9009\uff0c\u5219\u51e0\u4e4e\u53ef\u4ee5\u80af\u5b9a\uff0c\u4f50\u6cbb\u4e9a\u7684\u6c11\u60c5\u771f\u7684\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u6539\u53d8\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u9009\u62e9\u4e86\u62dc\u767b\u3002\u800c\u4e14\u5176\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u53c8\u8fde\u7eed\u9009\u62e9\u4e86\u4e24\u540d\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u4eba\u4f5c\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u9001\u5165\u4e86\u53c2\u8bae\u9662\u3002\u4e0d\u80fd\u8bf4\u4f50\u6cbb\u4e9a\u4ece\u6b64\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u84dd\u8272\u7684\u5dde\uff0c\u4f46\u81f3\u5c11\u8fdb\u6b65\u6d3e\u548c\u4fdd\u5b88\u6d3e\u5728\u4f50\u6cbb\u4e9a\u76ee\u524d\u5904\u4e8e\u52bf\u5747\u529b\u654c\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u5c40\u52bf\u4f7f\u5f97\u4f20\u7edf\u4e0a\u4fdd\u5b88\u7684\u5171\u548c\u515a\u4eba\u611f\u5230\u6781\u5ea6\u6050\u614c\u3002 \u800c\u4ed6\u4eec\u76ee\u524d\u638c\u63e1\u7740\u4f50\u6cbb\u4e9a\u5dde\u6240\u6709\u7684\u7acb\u6cd5\u6743\uff0c\u5dde\u957f\u662f\u5171\u548c\u515a\u4eba\uff0c\u5dde\u8bae\u9662\u548c\u5dde\u53c2\u8bae\u9662\u5747\u638c\u63e1\u5728\u5171\u548c\u515a\u4eba\u624b\u4e2d\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u4ed6\u4eec\u7acb\u523b\u6709\u4e86\u884c\u52a8\u3002 \u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u5f97\u6765\u770b\u770b 2013 \u5e74\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002 2013 \u5e74\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u5e74\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7f8e\u56fd\u5404\u5dde\u9009\u4e3e\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u5173\u952e\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e00\u5e74\u7f8e\u56fd\u6700\u9ad8\u6cd5\u9662\u901a\u8fc7 Shelby County v. Holder \u6848\uff0c\u5224\u5b9a\u5404\u5dde\u6709\u6743\u81ea\u884c\u51b3\u5b9a\u4fee\u6539\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u9009\u4e3e\u6cd5\u800c\u4e0d\u5fc5\u5f97\u5230\u8054\u90a6\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u8ba4\u53ef\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u5224\u51b3\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u9009\u4e3e\u6295\u7968\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u5f71\u54cd\u5462\uff1f\u4e00\u4efd\u7edf\u8ba1\u8d44\u6599\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u6848\u5224\u51b3\u540e\u7684\u4e94\u5e74\u5185\uff0c\u5c06\u8fd1 1000 \u4e2a\u7f8e\u56fd\u6295\u7968\u70b9\u88ab\u5173\u95ed\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6295\u7968\u70b9\u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u90fd\u5904\u4e8e\u9ed1\u4eba\u793e\u533a\u4e2d\u3002\u800c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4f50\u6cbb\u4e9a\u5dde\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u4ece 2013 \u5e74\u5230\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u4eba\u53e3\u589e\u52a0\u4e86 200 \u591a\u4e07\uff0c\u4f46\u5dde\u5185\u7684\u6295\u7968\u70b9\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u5374\u4e0b\u964d\u4e86 10%\u3002\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u653f\u6cbb\u5e38\u8bc6\uff0c\u6295\u7968\u7387\u8d8a\u9ad8\uff0c\u8d8a\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u5019\u9009\u4eba\u80dc\u51fa\uff1b\u800c\u6295\u7968\u7387\u8d8a\u4f4e\uff0c\u8d8a\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u5171\u548c\u515a\u5019\u9009\u4eba\u80dc\u51fa\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u8d2b\u7a77\u4eba\u53e3\u548c\u5c11\u6570\u65cf\u88d4\uff0c\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u88ab\u6295\u7968\u7684\u4e0d\u4fbf\u6240\u5f71\u54cd\u3002 \u672c\u5468\u56db\uff0c\u4f50\u6cbb\u4e9a\u5dde\u6b63\u5f0f\u7b7e\u7f72\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u9009\u4e3e\u6cd5\u3002\u8be5\u6cd5\u5f8b\u660e\u786e\u9650\u5236\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u53bf\u7684\u6295\u7968\u70b9\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u51e0\u4e2a\u4eba\u53e3\u4f17\u591a\u7684\u5927\u53bf\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a\u53bf\u53ea\u5141\u8bb8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6295\u7968\u70b9\u3002\u800c\u4e14\u66f4\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8be5\u6cd5\u5f8b\u660e\u786e\u7981\u6b62\u4e3a\u6392\u961f\u6295\u7968\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b\u65b9\u4fbf\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u63d0\u4f9b\u996e\u6c34\u548c\u98df\u7269\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4eba\u53e3\u4f17\u591a\u7684\u5927\u53bf\u5462\uff1f\u6295\u7968\u70b9\u6570\u91cf\u4e3a\u6bcf 10 \u4e07\u4eba\u53e3\u624d\u80fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6295\u7968\u70b9\u3002\uff08\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5bf9\u6bd4\uff0c\u6211\u5728\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u5c45\u4f4f\u7684\u5c0f\u57ce\u53ea\u6709 8 \u4e07\u4eba\u53e3\uff0c\u5728\u5927\u9009\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6709 7 \u4e2a\u6295\u7968\u70b9\uff09\u3002\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u7981\u6b62\u5bf9\u4efb\u4f55\u504f\u8fdc\u5730\u533a\u63d0\u4f9b\u79fb\u52a8\u6295\u7968\u70b9\u3002 \u5728\u6700\u521d\u7684\u63d0\u6848\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd8\u7981\u6b62\u5728\u5468\u65e5\u6295\u7968\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u6700\u7ec8\u7684\u6cd5\u6848\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u6761\u88ab\u53bb\u9664\u4e86\u3002 \u8be5\u6cd5\u6848\u8fd8\u7ed9\u4e88\u5dde\u9009\u4e3e\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u6743\u529b\u6765\u5e72\u6d89\u5404\u53bf\u7684\u9009\u4e3e\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\uff0c\u5728\u5dde\u7684\u5c42\u9762\u4e0a\uff0c\u5171\u548c\u515a\u4eba\u5360\u7edd\u5bf9\u4e3b\u5bfc\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u5e72\u9884\u4e00\u4e9b\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u5360\u4f18\u52bf\u7684\u53bf\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u672c\u8eab\uff0c\u6070\u6070\u662f\u907f\u514d\u4e86 2013 \u5e74\u6700\u9ad8\u6cd5\u9662\u90a3\u4e2a\u5224\u4f8b\u5bf9\u5171\u548c\u515a\u5dde\u9020\u6210\u7684\u4fbf\u5229\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u5168\u56fd\u8303\u56f4\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e0b\u653e\u9009\u4e3e\u6cd5\u5236\u5b9a\u6743\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u5171\u548c\u515a\u4e3b\u5bfc\u7684\u4f50\u6cbb\u4e9a\u5dde\uff0c\u5219\u56de\u6536\u548c\u96c6\u4e2d\u9009\u4e3e\u6cd5\u6267\u884c\u7684\u6743\u529b\u7ed9\u5dde\u9009\u4e3e\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u3002 \u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u8be5\u6cd5\u5f8b\u8fd8\u5bf9\u90ae\u5bc4\u9009\u7968\u8981\u6c42\u66f4\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u63d0\u4f9b\u9a7e\u7167\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u4fdd\u9669\u53f7\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\u8fd8\u5fc5\u987b\u590d\u5370\u5e76\u5305\u542b\u5728\u5bc4\u56de\u7684\u9009\u7968\u4e2d\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\u95ee\u9898\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e9b\u4eba\u6ca1\u6709\u9a7e\u7167\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5bb6\u91cc\u6ca1\u6709\u590d\u5370\u673a\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u8981\u6295\u7968\uff0c\u5c31\u5f88\u56f0\u96be\u4e86\u3002 \u5dde\u957f Kemp&#8230; <\/p>\n<div class=\"pmpro\">\n<div class=\"pmpro_card pmpro_content_message\">\n<div class=\"pmpro_card_content\"><font color=\"red\">\u672c\u5185\u5bb9\u4ec5\u5bf9\u4eca\u65e5\u7f8e\u653f\u5e74\u4f1a\u5458\u5f00\u653e\u3002<\/font><a href=\"https:\/\/jrmz2.org\/?page_id=70\">\u6210\u4e3a\u4f1a\u5458<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"pmpro_card_actions pmpro_font-medium\">Already a member? 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