2022年8月新闻热点(Recent hotspots August 2022)
作者:Publius (这一笔名曾为美国国父汉弥尔顿在撰写 “联邦党人文集” 时使用)
目录
1.美国7月新增非农就业52.8万人,失业率降至3.5%
2.印第安纳州通过了几乎完全的堕胎禁令,这是罗伊诉韦德案倒台之后第一个这样做的州
3.参议院通过《反通胀法案》,长期寻求的降低药品成本的计划即将到来
4.美国众议院议长佩洛西和国会议员代表团离台
5.解放军军舰星期五(8月5日)抵近台湾本岛海岸线,台军派出军舰监视
6.中国大陆疫情继续呈现多点散发态势,部分地区疫情明显升温
7.克里米亚新费多罗夫卡附近的机场航空弹药储存区域发生数起爆炸事件。
1. 美国7月新增非农就业52.8万人,失业率降至3.5%
7月美国经济強劲增加了52.8万个就业岗位,弥补了疫情之后失去的就业岗位。美国劳工部周五表示,失业率也降至3.5%,這也是2020年初疫情之前的50年低点。今年上半年,美国就业人数的增長速度超过了二战后任何一個经济开始萎缩的時期。
7月劳动力参与率从上月的62.2%略微下降,至62.1%。7月份平均时薪较上年同期增長5.2%,较上月略有加速。
*综合自《华尔街日报》
1. The U.S. added 528,000 nonfarm jobs in July, and the unemployment rate fell to 3.5% The U.S. economy added a strong 528,000 jobs in July, making up for jobs lost in the wake of the epidemic. The U.S. Labor Department said Friday that the unemployment rate also fell to 3.5 percent, which is a 50-year low before the epidemic in early 2020. U.S. employment grew faster in the first half of the year than in any post-World War II period when the economy began to shrink. The labor force participation rate fell slightly to 62.1% in July from 62.2% the previous month. average hourly earnings rose 5.2% in July from a year earlier, a slight acceleration from the previous month. *Integrated from The Wall Street Journal
2. 印第安纳州通过了几乎完全的堕胎禁令,这是罗伊诉韦德案倒台之后第一个这样做的州 在罗伊诉韦德案倒台后,印第安纳州成为该国第一个通过全面限制堕胎的州,此前州长埃里克霍尔科姆 (R) 周五签署了一项法案,该法案构成了一项几乎完全禁止堕胎的法案。 共和党主导的州参议院周五以 28 比 19 的投票结果通过了印第安纳州下议院数小时后的投票。 该法案将于 9 月 15 日生效,只允许在强奸、乱伦、致命的胎儿异常或为防止严重的健康风险或死亡而需要进行堕胎的情况下进行堕胎。 在签署该法案后不久发表的一份声明中,霍尔科姆说他在罗伊倒台后“明确表示”他愿意支持反堕胎立法。 他还强调了法律中“经过仔细谈判”的例外情况,他说这些例外情况解决了“女性或未出生的孩子可能面临的一些不可想象的情况”。 印第安纳州共和党人推动限制堕胎的努力与堪萨斯州选民对它的压倒性支持形成鲜明对比,堪萨斯州试图剥夺堕胎保护的企图本周在另一个传统保守的州被否决。 *综合自《华盛顿邮报》
2. Indiana Passes Near-Total Abortion Ban, First State to Do So Since Roe v. Wade Collapsed Indiana became the first state in the country to pass a comprehensive abortion restriction after the fall of Roe v. Wade after Gov. Eric Holcomb (R) signed a bill Friday that constitutes a near-total ban on abortion. The Republican-led state Senate voted 28-19 Friday to pass Indiana’s lower chamber hours later. The bill, which would take effect Sept. 15, would allow abortions only in cases of rape, incest, fatal fetal abnormalities, or when abortions are needed to prevent serious health risks or death. In a statement released shortly after signing the bill, Holcomb said he “made clear” his willingness to support anti-abortion legislation after Roe’s fall. He also highlighted the “carefully negotiated” exceptions to the law, which he said the address “some of the unthinkable situations a woman or unborn child might face. Indiana Republicans’ push to restrict abortion stands in stark contrast to the overwhelming support of voters in Kansas, where an attempt to strip abortion protections was defeated this week in another traditionally conservative state. *Integrated from The Washington Post
3. 参议院通过《反通胀法案》,长期寻求的降低药品成本的计划即将到来。 30 年来,让医疗保险能够直接与制药商谈判价格一直是民主党的目标,制药行业为此进行了激烈的斗争。 几十年来,随着处方药成本的飙升,民主党人一直在与制药行业进行斗争,以追求一个目标:通过允许医疗保险直接与制药商谈判来压低价格的立法。 现在,他们即将通过一项可以做到这一点的广泛预算法案,并在此过程中为拜登总统带来一场政治胜利,他和他的政党可以在 11 月向选民展示这一胜利。 授权医疗保险最初谈判多达 10 种药物的价格 – 以及后来更多 – 以及旨在降低医疗保健成本的其他几项条款,这将是自 2010 年“平价医疗法案”成为法律以来对医疗政策的最重大变化,影响绝大多数人。 它每年可以为一些年长的美国人节省数千美元的药物费用。 该立法将把中低收入人群在冠状病毒大流行期间获得的较大保费补贴延长三年,以根据《平价医疗法案》获得医疗保险,并允许那些在疫情期间有资格获得此类补贴的高收入人群流行病来留住他们。 它还将使制药商吸收一些价格上涨速度快于通货膨胀的药品成本。 值得注意的是,它还将限制医疗保险接受者每年在药房购买药物的自付费用金额为 2,000 美元——这对每年花费超过这一数额的 140 万受益人来说是一个巨大的好处,这些受益人通常用于治疗癌症和癌症等严重疾病的药物。 预算办公室估计,该法案的处方药条款将在 10 年内为联邦政府节省 2880 亿美元,部分原因是迫使制药行业接受医疗保险为其一些大卖家提供的较低价格。 反对者认为,该措施会阻碍创新,并引用预算办公室的一项新分析,该分析预测,当药品首次上市时,它实际上会导致价格上涨。 *综合自《华盛顿邮报》
3. Long-Sought Plan to Lower Drug Costs on the Horizon as Senate Passes Anti-Inflation Bill Enabling Medicare to negotiate prices directly with drugmakers has been a Democratic goal for 30 years, and the pharmaceutical industry has fought fiercely for it. For decades, as prescription drug costs have soared, Democrats have fought the pharmaceutical industry in pursuit of one goal: legislation that would hold down prices by allowing Medicare to negotiate directly with drugmakers. Now they are on the verge of passing a broad budget bill that would do just that, and in the process deliver a political victory for President Biden that he and his party can present to voters in November. Authorizing Medicare to initially negotiate prices for up to 10 drugs – and later more – along with several other provisions aimed at lowering health care costs, would be the most significant change to health policy since the Affordable Care Act became law in 2010, affecting the vast majority of people. It could save some older Americans thousands of dollars a year in drug costs. The legislation would extend for three years the larger premium subsidies that low- and moderate-income people received during the coronavirus pandemic to obtain health insurance under the Affordable Care Act, and allow those with higher incomes who were eligible for such subsidies during the pandemic to stay with them during the epidemic. It would also allow drugmakers to absorb the cost of some drugs whose prices are rising faster than inflation. Notably, it would also limit Medicare recipients’ annual out-of-pocket costs for drugs purchased at pharmacies to $2,000 – a huge benefit for the 1.4 million beneficiaries who spend more than that amount each year on drugs typically used to treat serious diseases such as cancer and cancer. The budget office estimates that the bill’s prescription drug provision would save the federal government $288 billion over 10 years, in part by forcing the pharmaceutical industry to accept lower prices offered by Medicare for some of its big sellers. Opponents argue that the measure would discourage innovation, citing a new Budget Office analysis that predicts it would lead to higher prices when drugs first hit the market. *Integrated from The Washington Pos
4. 美国众议院议长佩洛西和国会议员代表团已于星期三(8月3日)傍晚6时,从台北松山机场搭乘专机离台,结束了她长达19小时的访问行程。前一天,也就是北京时间8.2日夜间,佩洛西落地台湾。中国大陆外交部星期二(8月2日)深夜召见美国驻华大使伯恩斯,就美国众议院议长佩洛西访问台湾提出严正交涉和强烈抗议,批评佩洛西挑衅玩火,并称美国必须为此付出代价。8月5日,中国大陆外交部宣布采取以下反制措施: 一、取消安排中美两军战区领导通话。 二、取消中美国防部工作会晤。 三、取消中美海上军事安全磋商机制会议。 四、暂停中美非法移民遣返合作。 五、暂停中美刑事司法协助合作。 六、暂停中美打击跨国犯罪合作。 七、暂停中美禁毒合作。 八、暂停中美气候变化商谈。 *综合自新华网等
4. U.S. House Speaker Nancy Pelosi and a delegation of members of Congress departed from Taipei Songshan Airport at 6 p.m. on Wednesday (Aug. 3) on a special flight, ending her 19-hour visit to Taiwan. Pelosi landed in Taiwan the day before, on the night of Aug. 2, Beijing time. The Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs summoned U.S. Ambassador Burns to China late Tuesday night (Aug. 2) to raise stern representations and strong protests over U.S. House Speaker Pelosi’s visit to Taiwan, criticizing Pelosi for provocatively playing with fire and saying the U.S. must pay a price for it. On August 5, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of mainland China announced the following countermeasures. First, cancel the arrangement of the call between the two military theater leaders of China and the United States. Second, cancel the working meeting between the U.S. and Chinese defense departments. Cancel the meeting of the U.S.-China maritime military security consultation mechanism. Suspend U.S.-China cooperation on the repatriation of illegal immigrants. Suspend U.S.-China cooperation on judicial assistance in criminal matters. Suspend U.S.-China cooperation in combating transnational crime. Suspend U.S.-China cooperation on counter-narcotics. Suspend U.S.-China climate change talks. *Integrated from Xinhua, etc.
5. 解放军军舰星期五(8月5日)抵近台湾本岛海岸线,台军派出军舰监视。国军当天侦获多批解放军军舰、军机在台海周边活动,部分军机和军舰越过台海中线,研判解放军在模拟对台攻击。解放军(8月4日以后)继续进行历来规模最大的“锁台”军事演训行动,为武力攻台展开模拟演练,战机与军舰持续突破海峡中线而且抵近台湾本岛海岸线,出现两岸军舰近距离对视的画面。解放军也出动无人机侦测与模拟攻击敌军。据央视新闻联播报道,解放军东部战区星期六按计划,继续在台湾北部、西南、东部海空域进行实战化联合演训,重点检验体系支撑下对陆打击、对海突击能力。国军星期六称,台军当天侦获多批解放军军舰、军机在台海周边活动,部分军机和军舰越过台海中线,研判解放军在模拟对台攻击;此外,星期五晚上也发现四批、七架次大陆无人机进入金门、烈屿及北碇地区上空。截至星期六下午5时,当天共侦获解放军军机20架次、军舰14艘持续在台海周边活动,进行海空联合演习;国军除广播驱离,也用空中侦巡兵力、海军舰艇以及岸置飞弹应对处置。国并透露,空军防空导弹部队星期六持续运用爱国者三型导弹防空雷达追监,严密监控敌情,随时因应突发状况,捍卫领空。此前,解放军四枚东风系列导弹在演训行动首日飞越台湾本岛上空,引起台湾舆论质疑为何没有使用爱国者导弹拦截。台湾军事专家对此解释说,大陆导弹在100公里以上的高空飞过,不影响台湾本岛,而且爱国者导弹造价不菲,用来拦截大陆导弹是“浪费税金”。 另据路透社引述消息人士说,在台湾东部海域和日本离岛附近,解放军军舰和无人机也模拟了攻击美国和日本军舰的行动。
5. PLA warships approached the coastline of Taiwan’s main island on Friday (Aug. 5), and Taiwanese troops sent warships to monitor the situation. The national army detected several groups of PLA warships and warplanes operating around the Taiwan Strait on the same day, and some of them crossed the center line of the Taiwan Strait, and the study concluded that the PLA was simulating an attack on Taiwan. The PLA (after August 4) continued to conduct the largest “lockdown” military training operation in its history, launching simulated exercises for a forceful attack on Taiwan, with warplanes and warships continuing to break through the center line of the Strait and approaching the coastline of Taiwan’s main island, with images of warships from both sides of the Taiwan Strait looking at each other at close range. The PLA also sent out drones to detect and simulate attacks on enemy forces. According to a TV news broadcast, the PLA’s eastern combat zone continued to conduct combat-oriented joint exercises in Taiwan’s northern, southwestern and eastern air and sea domains on Saturday, as planned, focusing on testing the system-supported land strike and sea assault capabilities. The National Army said Saturday that the Taiwanese army detected several groups of PLA warships and military aircraft operating around the Taiwan Strait that day, with some of them crossing the center line of the Taiwan Strait, and judged that the PLA was simulating an attack on Taiwan; in addition, four groups of seven mainland drones were also spotted entering the skies over Kinmen, Lieyu and the Northern Anchorage area Friday night. As of 5 p.m. Saturday, a total of 20 PLA military aircraft and 14 naval vessels were detected in the Taiwan Strait, conducting joint air and sea exercises; the national army broadcasted the dispersal and also used air reconnaissance forces, naval vessels, and shore-based missiles to deal with the situation. The country also revealed that the Air Force air defense missile unit continued to use Patriot III missile air defense radar to chase and monitor the enemy closely on Saturday, in response to unexpected situations at any time, to defend the airspace. Earlier, the PLA’s four East Wind series missiles flew over Taiwan’s main island on the first day of the exercise, causing Taiwanese public opinion to question why the Patriot missiles were not used to intercept. Taiwan’s military experts explained that mainland missiles fly over at altitudes of more than 100 kilometers and do not affect the island of Taiwan, and Patriot missiles are expensive, used to intercept mainland missiles is a “waste of tax money. According to sources quoted by Reuters, PLA warships and drones have also simulated attacks on U.S. and Japanese warships in eastern Taiwan waters and near the Japanese outlying islands.
6. 中国大陆疫情继续呈现多点散发态势,部分地区疫情明显升温 从6月中下旬以来,除了少数几天外,中国大陆日新增病例数均在100例以上。近一周来每日心中病例则一直在400例以上。目前,中国大陆31个省、市、自治区共有高风险区502个,中风险区706个。 出现病例局部散发的城市有北京市、河北石家庄新乐市、吉林省吉林市、江苏省南京市、浙江省丽水市、安徽省亳州市、江西省宜春市、湖北潜江市、湖南娄底市、贵州遵义市、广东珠海市、东莞市、重庆市、贵州遵义市、宁夏中卫市。 出现较多的城区感染病例的有内蒙古乌海市、鄂尔多斯市、巴彦淖尔市、乌兰察布市、浙江省金华市义乌市、河南省商丘市、广东省湛江市、广西崇左、北海市、新疆乌鲁木齐市、吐鲁番市、博尔塔拉蒙古自治州、喀什地区、伊犁哈萨克自治州伊宁市、新疆生产建设兵团石河子市、西藏拉萨市、日喀则市、阿里地区。 出现累计1000例以上的感染病例的城市和地区的有广西北海市,甘肃兰州、白银、临夏、甘南自治州等地。特别值得关注的是海南全岛的情况,目前海南全岛已经出现新冠肺炎疫情较大范围传播的情况。 另外,四川省成都市虽然感染病例较少,但划定了较多的中高风险区,疫情流行风险很高,值得特别注意。 *注:本文所指新增病例数包括所谓“无症状感染者”,数据和信息来源于国务院客户端发布
6. The epidemic in mainland China continues to show a multi-point distribution trend, with the epidemic warming up significantly in some areas Since mid to late June, the number of new cases per day in mainland China has been above 100, except for a few days. In recent weeks, the number of cases per day has been above 400. Currently, there are 502 high-risk areas and 706 medium-risk areas in 31 provinces, municipalities, and autonomous regions in mainland China. The cities where cases are locally distributed are Beijing, Xinle City, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, Jilin City, Jilin Province, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, Lishui City, Zhejiang Province, Bozhou City, Anhui Province, Yichun City, Jiangxi Province, Qianjiang City, Hubei Province, Loudi City, Hunan Province, Zunyi City, Guizhou Province, Zhuhai City, Guangdong Province, Dongguan City, Chongqing City, Zunyi City, Guizhou Province and Zhongwei City, Ningxia Province. More cases of infection in urban areas appear in Inner Mongolia Wuhai City, Erdos City, Bayannur City, Ulanqab City, Yiwu City, Jinhua City, Zhejiang Province, Shangqiu City, Henan Province, Zhanjiang City, Guangdong Province, Guangxi Chongzuo, Beihai City, Xinjiang Urumqi City, Turpan City, Bortala Mongol Autonomous Prefecture, Kashgar Region, Yining City, Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture, Shihezi City, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Lhasa City, Tibet Rikaze City, and Ali Region. The cities and regions with more than 1,000 cumulative cases of infection are Beihai, Guangxi, Lanzhou, Baiyin, Linxia, and Gannan Autonomous Prefecture in Gansu. Of particular concern is the island-wide situation in Hainan, which has now seen a wider spread of the new crown pneumonia outbreak. In addition, although there are fewer cases of infection in Chengdu, Sichuan Province, more medium to high-risk areas have been delineated and the risk of epidemic prevalence is high and deserves special attention. *Note: The number of new cases referred to in this article includes so-called “asymptomatic infected persons”, data and information from the State Council client release
7. 据克里米亚政府官员和俄罗斯国防部消息,当地时间8月9日,克里米亚新费多罗夫卡附近的机场航空弹药储存区域发生数起爆炸事件。 俄国防部发布声明称,爆炸发生在当天下午3时20分左左右。目前正在确定爆炸的原因。根据现场报告,弹药储存区没有遭到外来火力打击。 此外,据克里米亚官员称,目前当地局势已经得到控制,紧邻该军用机场的居民已经开始疏散。该官员还表示,事故造成一人死亡,当地政府将向死者家庭提供一切必要的协助。另据克里米亚卫生部门称,爆炸已造成9人受伤,其中两名为未成年人。机场附近有民房受损。 乌克兰方面则表示,今天打击克里米亚机场是乌方所为。观察人士认为,乌方使用的是雷霆2战术弹道导弹,乌克兰自产,著名的南方机械厂出品,固体燃料,射程280公里以上。 克里米亚当局宣布进入紧急状态。在海滩度假的俄罗斯游客大批驾车逃离克里米亚,在通往刻赤海峡大桥的公路上形成了大堵车。 *综合自中央广播电视总台、petriv律微博(高翔律师)
7. According to Crimean government officials and the Russian Ministry of Defense, several explosions occurred in the aerial ammunition storage area at the airport near Novoferdorovka, Crimea, on Aug. 9 local time. The Russian Defense Ministry issued a statement saying the explosions occurred at about 3:20 p.m. that day. The cause of the explosions is currently being determined. According to reports from the scene, the ammunition storage area was not hit by outside fire. In addition, according to Crimean officials, the situation on the ground is now under control and the evacuation of residents near the military airport has begun. The official also said that one person died as a result of the accident and that the local authorities will provide all necessary assistance to the family of the deceased. According to the Crimean health authorities, the explosion has left nine people injured, two of whom are minors. There were residential houses damaged near the airport. The Ukrainian side, for its part, said that today’s strike on the Crimean airport was the work of the Ukrainian side. Observers believe that the Ukrainian side used a Thunder 2 tactical ballistic missile, of Ukrainian origin, from the famous Southern Mechanical Plant, solid fuel, with a range of more than 280 kilometers. Crimean authorities declared a state of emergency. Russian tourists on beach vacations fled Crimea in large numbers by car, creating a major traffic jam on the highway leading to the Kerch Strait Bridge. *Integrated from CCTV, pePetrie(lawyer Gao Xiang)