2022年9月新闻热点(Recent hotspots September 2022) 作者:Publius
目录
1. 美国通胀仍处于高位,预计美联储将继续保持强硬加息态度
2. 通胀问题成为美国政治斗争焦点问题,共和党因此猛攻民主党施政不力
3. 美国共和党参议员提出严格限制堕胎的法案
4. 堕胎问题已经成为共和党最大拖累,民主党竞选最大助力器
5.德国有很大可能大幅下调移民门槛
6.英国开放企业扩增签证 5年后可获永居
1. 美国通胀仍处于高位,预计美联储将继续保持强硬加息态度
美国劳工统计局于近期公布了8月份的通胀数据。8月份消费者价格指数(CPI)比上月上涨了0.1%,比去年同期上涨了8.3%。除去波动较大的食品和能源价格后,CPI比7月上涨了0.6%,同比增长6.3%。
在汽油指数下跌10.6%的带动下,8月能源价格下降了5%,但这一价格回落被其他物价上涨抵消了。8月食品价格同比(比上月)上涨了0.8%,而占CPI权重约三分之一的住房成本同比增长6.2%。
据CNBC报道,此前,经济学家预测8月整体通胀率将同比上升8%,核心通胀率将同比上升6%。然而,实际通胀数据高于预期,这使人们对通胀触顶回落的希望破灭了。
预计美联储极有可能再次大幅加息。
1 U.S. inflation remains high and the Fed is expected to remain tough in raising interest rates
The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics recently released its inflation data for August. the Consumer Price Index (CPI) rose 0.1% in August from the previous month and 8.3% from a year earlier. Excluding volatile food and energy prices, the CPI rose 0.6% from July and 6.3% year-over-year.
Energy prices fell 5% in August, led by a 10.6% decline in the gasoline index, but this price retreat was offset by increases in other prices. food prices rose 0.8% year-over-year (from the previous month) in August, while housing costs, which account for about one-third of the CPI’s weight, increased 6.2% year-over-year.
Previously,economists predicted that headline inflation would rise 8% year-over-year in August and core inflation would rise 6% year-over-year, CNBC reported. However, the actual inflation data came in higher than expected, dashing hopes that inflation would hit the top and fall back.
It is expected that the Federal Reserve will most likely raise interest rates sharply again.
2. 通胀问题成为美国政治斗争焦点问题,共和党因此猛攻民主党施政不力。
美国中期选举即将在11月举行,民共两党党争日趋白热化。目前,双方进行斗争的核心议题是美国的通货膨胀。
汽油价格下降缓解了民主党中期选举中部分压力,但食品价格居高不下则给共和党提供了一个攻击机会,预计今年的食品价格将继续上涨。
报道指出,由于旱灾影响农作物产量,铁路工人即将举行的罢工会影响农产品运输等因素,食品价格的涨幅可能还会更大。
这给拜登政府和民主党摆脱通货膨胀的努力蒙上了一层阴影,共和党正在加紧利用食品价格问题来攻击民主党,目前,共和党已投入大量广告来渲染物价飙升和经济状况不佳,批评民主党施政不力,希望利用这个议题在中期选举中夺回众议院多数席位。
2.The issue of inflation has become the focus of political struggle in the United States, and the Republican Party has therefore attacked the Democratic Party for its ineffective governance.
The U.S. midterm elections will be held in November, and the battle between the Democratic and Republican parties is getting hotter and hotter. At present, the core issue of the struggle between the two parties is the inflation in the United States.
The decline in gasoline prices has eased some of the pressure on the Democrats in the midterm elections, but high food prices have given the Republicans an opportunity to attack, and food prices are expected to continue to rise this year.
Reports indicate that food prices may rise even more because of the drought affecting crop yields and the upcoming strike by railroad workers that will affect the transportation of agricultural products.
This has cast a shadow on the Biden administration and the Democratic Party’s efforts to get rid of inflation. The Republican Party is stepping up its efforts to use the food price issue to attack the Democrats, who have now put in a lot of ads to play up soaring prices and poor economic conditions, criticizing the Democrats for poor governance and hoping to use the issue to recapture the majority of seats in the House of Representatives in the midterm elections.
3. 美国共和党参议员提出严格限制堕胎的法案
近日,以林赛·格雷厄姆为首的多名共和党参议员提出了《保护能感受到疼痛的未出生儿童免遭晚期堕胎法案》。这是自今年6月美国最高法院推翻罗诉韦德案以来,参议院提出的首项联邦反堕胎立法。
这项法案拟禁止怀孕15周后堕胎,仅在强奸、乱伦和保护孕妇生命等情况下有一些例外,违反该法的医生将面临高达5年的监禁。
罗诉韦德案被推翻后,已有十几个州出台了禁止堕胎的法律。堕胎问题无疑是选民们最关注的问题之一。随着中期选举日益临近,格雷厄姆想在堕胎问题上放手一搏。
3.Republican U.S. Senators Introduce Bill to Severely Restrict Abortion
Recently, a number of Republican senators, led by Lindsey Graham, introduced the Protecting Unborn Children Who Can Feel Pain from Late-Term Abortions Act. This is the first federal anti-abortion legislation to be introduced in the Senate since the U.S. Supreme Court overturned Roe v. Wade in June of this year.
The bill proposes to ban abortions after 15 weeks of pregnancy, with some exceptions only in cases of rape, incest and protecting the life of the pregnant woman, and doctors who violate the law would face up to five years in prison.
More than a dozen states have introduced laws banning abortion since Roe v. Wade was overturned. The abortion issue is undoubtedly one of the top concerns of voters. With the midterm elections looming, Graham wants to take a shot at the abortion issue.
4. 堕胎问题已经成为共和党最大拖累,民主党竞选最大助力器。
虽然共和党人近期在不断推进堕胎相关法案,但是,最新民调却显示,最高法院推翻罗诉韦德案后,选民们越来越支持堕胎合法化,大多数人反对对堕胎加以各种限制,包括禁止在孕期某个阶段堕胎,或禁止妇女去别的州进行合法堕胎等。
据《华尔街日报》在本月初进行的民调发现,有60%的选民认为,在所有或大多数情况下,堕胎应该是合法的,这一比例高于3月时的55%。另有29%的人认为,除了强奸、乱伦和妇女生命受到威胁这些例外情况,堕胎应该是非法的,而3月时这一比例为30%。有6%的人认为堕胎在所有情况下都应该是非法的,低于3月时的11%。
共和党从【类似于宗教原教旨主义意识形态
“信仰”的乌托邦迷思和幻想】出发,提出了一系列限制堕胎法案,然而这些法案的通过已经成为共和党中期选举的最大挑战。
4.The abortion issue has become the biggest drag on the Republican Party and the biggest booster of the Democratic campaign.
While Republicans have been pushing abortion-related bills recently, the latest polls show that voters are increasingly supportive of legalizing abortion after the Supreme Court overturned Roe v. Wade, with most opposing various restrictions on abortion, including a ban on abortion at a certain stage of pregnancy or a ban on women going to another state for a legal abortion.
According to a Wall Street Journal poll conducted earlier this month, 60 percent of voters believe abortion should be legal in all or most cases, up from 55 percent in March. Another 29 percent said abortion should be illegal, with the exceptions of rape, incest and when a woman’s life is threatened, compared with 30 percent in March. Six percent believe abortion should be illegal in all cases, down from 11 percent in March.
The Republican Party has proposed a series of abortion restriction bills from [utopian myths and fantasies similar to religious fundamentalist ideological “beliefs”], yet the passage of these bills has become the biggest challenge for the Republican Party in the midterm elections.
5.德国有很大可能大幅下调移民门槛
德国联邦劳工部长日前宣布,德国将在今年秋天修改移民法,引入一个所谓的”机会卡”的有限期入境许可,获得这种”机会卡”的外籍人员可以进入德国,在规定的时间内寻找工作或职业教育机会,在此期间必须保证具备经济上生活自理的能力。
根据劳工市场的需要,德国将决定每年发放”机会卡”的具体数量,任何一个拥有德国大学毕业证书或者德国官方认可职业教育证书的外籍人士自动符合获得”机会卡”的条件。
其它外籍人员必须至少符合下列四个条件中的三个条件才有资格申请”机会卡”:
第一,拥有德国认可的外国大学毕业证书;
第二,具有三年以上(德国官方规定的工种)的实际工作经验;
第三,以前曾在德国生活过(符合规定最低期限)或熟练掌握德语;
第四,不超过35周岁。
根据德国现行外国人管理法,在德合法工作满五年的可以获得长期居住权。
每一个德国大学毕业的外国留学生都有18个月的时间,用于在德国寻找专业对口的工作机会,如果找到,就可以留在德国工作。
5. Germany is likely to significantly lower the immigration threshold
The German Federal Minister of Labor has announced that Germany will amend its immigration law this fall to introduce a limited-term entry permit known as an “opportunity card,” which allows foreigners to enter Germany for a specified period of time in search of work or vocational education opportunities, during which they must be financially capable of living on their own.
Depending on the needs of the labor market, Germany will decide on the number of “opportunity cards” to be issued each year, and any foreigner with a German university diploma or an officially recognized German vocational education certificate is automatically eligible for an “opportunity card”.
Other foreign nationals must meet at least three of the following four conditions to be eligible for the Opportunity Card.
First, a diploma from a foreign university recognized in Germany.
The German Federal Minister of Labor has announced that Germany will amend its immigration law this fall to introduce a limited-term entry permit known as an “opportunity card,” which will allow foreign nationals to enter Germany and seek work or vocational education opportunities for a specified period of time, during which they must be financially capable of living on their own.
Depending on the needs of the labor market, Germany will decide on the number of “opportunity cards” to be issued each year, and any foreigner with a German university diploma or an officially recognized German vocational education certificate is automatically eligible for an “opportunity card”.
Other foreign nationals must meet at least three of the following four conditions to be eligible for the Opportunity Card.
First, a diploma from a foreign university recognized in Germany.
Secondly, have at least three years of practical work experience (in a type of work officially defined by Germany).
Third, having previously lived in Germany (for the required minimum period) or having a good command of the German language.
Fourth, be no older than 35 years of age.
According to the current law governing foreigners in Germany, permanent residence can be granted if you have worked legally in Germany for five years.
Every foreign student who graduates from a German university is given 18 months to find a job opportunity in Germany in his or her profession and, if found, to stay and work in Germany.
6. 英国开放企业扩增签证 5年后可获永居
8月22日,英国内政部正式开放类似工作签证的新签证类型——企业扩增签证(Scale-up visa)的申请,旨在帮助英国高增长的企业,招收来自世界各地的高技能人才。
根据英国政府网站介绍,英国企业如果满足下列要求,就可以向海外雇员发放企业扩增签证来英:
1)在过去三年内就业率或营业额平均增长超过20%
2)过去三年内始终雇佣至少10名员工
与其他工作签证不同的是,企业扩增签证持有者,虽然获得的是2年期英国居留许可,但企业提供的只是“首6个月的担保”。
也就是说,持有者在6个月之后,能自由更换雇主和工作。英国政府表示,企业扩增签证,主要是为了吸引以下类型的人才:科学家、工程师、程序员、软件开发人员、研发专业人员、经济学家、建筑师、技术人员、财务投资顾问。
6.UK open business expansion visa 5 years later can get permanent residence
On August 22, the UK Home Office officially opened applications for a new type of visa similar to a work visa, the Scale-up visa, which aims to help high-growth businesses in the UK to recruit highly skilled people from around the world.
According to the UK government’s website, UK companies can issue a Scale-up visa to overseas employees if they meet the following requirements.
Average growth in employment or turnover of more than 20% in the last three years
Have consistently employed at least 10 employees in the last three years
Unlike other work visas, Business Expansion Visa holders are granted a 2 year UK residence permit, but the business only provides “sponsorship for the first 6 months”.
In other words, the holder is free to change employers and jobs after 6 months. According to the UK government, the Enterprise Plus visa is designed to attract the following types of talent: scientists, engineers, programmers, software developers, R&D professionals, economists, architects, technicians, financial investment advisors.