2022年9月新闻热点(Recent hotspots September 2022)
作者:Publius
目录:
1.白宫介入,使得美国铁路系统劳资双方经过谈判达成临时协议。
2.铁路工会临时协议亮点较多 拜登总统视为重大政治胜利
3. 拜登支持率出现了明显的回升,但通胀问题仍然是最大软肋
4.德国宣布接管俄罗斯石油公司的子公司
5.德国慕尼黑啤酒节恢复
6.日本首相岸田将指示制定经济对策应对物价上涨
7. 韩国经济出现迅猛发展和高通胀并存的局面
1.白宫介入,使得美国铁路系统劳资双方经过谈判达成临时协议。
就在美国铁路工人即将举行全国大罢工之际,铁路系统的劳资双方经过马拉松式的谈判,在今天上午达成了一项临时协议。白宫对此予以庆祝,但工会官员警告称,该协议尚未签署盖章。这项协议要生效,还需要经过十几个工会的工人投票批准。不过,目前来看,应该不会出现全美铁路大罢工事件了。
最后一刻达成的协议避免了关键商品和大宗商品在全国范围内的流动出现大规模中断。全美大约40%的长途贸易是通过铁路运输的。如果铁路工会罢工,将导致7000多列火车停运,每天损失估计高达20美亿元。
1. The White House intervened to enable the U.S. rail system labor and management to reach a tentative agreement after negotiations.
Just as U.S. railroad workers were about to go on a national strike, labor and management on the railroad system reached a tentative agreement this morning after a marathon negotiation. The White House celebrated the agreement, but union officials warned that it has not yet been signed and sealed. For the agreement to go into effect, it still needs to be ratified by a vote of workers from more than a dozen unions. For now, however, there should be no nationwide rail strike.
The last-minute agreement avoids massive disruptions in the flow of key commodities and bulk goods across the country. About 40 percent of the nation’s long-distance trade is transported by rail. A union strike would have resulted in the shutdown of more than 7,000 trains, with losses estimated at up to $2 billion per day.
2. 铁路工会临时协议亮点较多 拜登总统视为重大政治胜利
美国铁路劳资双方达成协议的最后期限是周五午夜,双方连续谈判了20个小时才达成协议。
总统拜登在宣布该协议的声明中说:“今晚达成的初步协议对我们的经济和美国民众来说是一个重要的胜利。这是成千上万铁路工人的胜利,他们在疫情期间不知疲倦地工作,确保美国家庭和社区获得了让我们在这些艰难岁月中继续前行的物资。”
美国铁路协会(AAR)在一份新闻稿中说,它们已经与机车工程师和列车员兄弟会(BLET)以及铁路和运输工人协会运输分部(SMART-TD)等4个工会组织达成初步协议,这些组织共代表了大约6万名员工,双方已经在劳动条件和待遇问题上达成了妥协。
根据美国铁路协会的数据,新合同将为铁路员工在2020年至2024年的五年期间增加24%的工资,其中包括合同生效后立即获得的平均1.1万美元加薪,此外还有更好的带薪假期和病假条件。
2.Railroad union tentative agreement has more highlights Biden sees as major political victory
The deadline for U.S. rail labor to reach an agreement was midnight Friday, and the two sides negotiated for 20 straight hours to reach a deal.
In a statement announcing the deal, President Joe Biden said, “The tentative agreement reached tonight is an important victory for our economy and for the American people. It is a victory for the thousands of railroad workers who worked tirelessly during the epidemic to ensure that American families and communities received the supplies that will keep us going during these difficult years.”
The Association of American Railroads (AAR) said in a press release that they have reached preliminary agreements with four union organizations, including the Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers and Trainmen (BLET) and the Society of Railroad and Transit Workers Transportation Division (SMART-TD), which together represent about 60,000 employees, and that the two sides have reached a compromise on labor conditions and treatment.
According to the Association of American Railroads, the new contract will provide railroad employees with a 24 percent wage increase over the five-year period from 2020 to 2024, including an average $11,000 raise immediately after the contract takes effect, in addition to better paid vacation and sick leave conditions.
3. 拜登支持率出现了明显的回升,但通胀问题仍然是最大软肋
美联社-NORC周四发布的民调显示,总统拜登的支持率一个月间蹿升了9个百分点。该民调显示,拜登的支持率为45%,比7月份上升了9个百分点。虽然这仍低于他执政第一年的大部分时间,但也是最新证据,表明拜登已逐渐从低迷的支持率中走出。
美联社的调查还发现,27%的美国人认为国家正朝着正确的方向前进,高于7月份的17%.其中46%的民主党人表示,他们对国家的现状感到积极,高于7月份的31%.
尽管如此,选民仍对拜登处理经济问题的能力有疑虑。只有29%的受访者认为经济状况良好,相比之下,71%的人认为经济状况糟糕。这些数据略好于7月份,当时有20%的人认为经济状况良好。
3.Biden’s approval rating has seen a significant boost, inflation remains the biggest weakness
An Associated Press-NORC poll released Thursday showed that President Joe Biden’s approval rating jumped 9 points in a month. The poll showed that Biden’s approval rating was 45 percent, up 9 points from July. While this is still lower than most of his first year in office, it is the latest evidence that Biden has gradually emerged from his sluggish approval rating.
The AP poll also found that 27 percent of Americans believe the country is moving in the right direction, up from 17 percent in July. Of those Democrats, 46 percent said they feel positive about the state of the country, up from 31 percent in July.
Still, voters have doubts about Biden’s ability to handle the economy. Only 29 percent of respondents said the economy is in good shape, compared with 71 percent who said it is in bad shape. These figures are slightly better than in July, when 20% said the economy was in good shape.
4.德国宣布接管俄罗斯石油公司的子公司
德国经济部16日早些时候表示,德国将俄罗斯石油公司的子公司移交给德国联邦网络局进行管理。这些公司是俄罗斯石油巨头Rosneft的德国子公司Rosneft Deutschland以及它旗下三家位于德国的炼油厂。
德国政府宣布接管这三家企业,目的是减少年底欧洲全面停止进口俄罗斯石油的制裁禁令生效后带来的冲击。据报道,该子公司约占德国石油加工能力的12%,这三家炼油厂向包括柏林在内的整个德国东北部提供燃油,也同时为波兰部分地区供电。
4.Germany handed over subsidiaries of Russian oil companies to the German Federal Network Agency for management, the German Economy Ministry said earlier on 16. The companies are Rosneft Deutschland, the German subsidiary of Russian oil giant Rosneft, and its three refineries in Germany.
The German government announced the takeover of the three companies with the aim of reducing the impact of the sanctions ban that will come into effect at the end of the year when Europe completely halts imports of Russian oil. The subsidiary reportedly accounts for about 12 percent of Germany’s oil processing capacity, and the three refineries supply fuel to all of northeastern Germany, including Berlin, and also supply electricity to parts of Poland.
5.德国慕尼黑啤酒节恢复
据徳媒报道,9月17日,慕尼黑啤酒节在中断了两年之后又回来了,并向世界各地的游客开放。在2019年的最后一次 “Wiesn”,慕尼黑市在为期两周的活动中迎来了约630万人,共售出了大约730万升啤酒。
据报道,2022年啤酒节的啤酒价格将在(每公升)12.60欧元至13.80欧元之间,平均比2019年高出15.8%。
5. Oktoberfest resumes in Munich, Germany
The Munich Oktoberfest returned on September 17 after a two-year hiatus and opened its doors to visitors from around the world, according to German media. In the final “Wiesn” of 2019, the city of Munich welcomed some 6.3 million people during the two-week event and sold some 7.3 million liters of beer.
The price of beer at Oktoberfest 2022 will reportedly be between (per liter) €12.60 and €13.80, an average of 15.8% higher than in 2019.
6.日本首相岸田将指示制定经济对策应对物价上涨
日本首相岸田文雄基本决定30日正式指示相关阁僚制定综合经济对策。将写进物价上涨对策和岸田政府提出的 “新资本主义” 相关项目,力争10月内各省厅汇总对策,并使支撑该对策的2022年度第二次补充预算在年内获得通过。
据报道,日本政府将考虑在对策中写进把决定实施到年底的汽油补贴延长,以及增加地方政府可自由用于物价对策的 “地方创生临时交付金” 额度。新资本主义相关项目包括对走上社会的人重新学习和新兴企业提供支援,以及为实现去碳化社会促进投资等。预计新冠疫情下旅游需求将增加,还将对刺激需求的措施和完善接纳体制提供大力支援。
关于补充预算的规模,有观点认为将以20万亿日元(约合人民币9700亿元)前后为主推进协调,预计一大半通过作为借款的国债来筹措。
6. Japanese Prime Minister Kishida will instruct to formulate economic countermeasures against rising prices
Japanese Prime Minister Fumio Kishida has basically decided to instruct his cabinet members to formulate comprehensive economic countermeasures on the 30th. It will be written into the countermeasures against rising prices and the items related to “new capitalism” proposed by Kishida’s government. The government is aiming to have the countermeasures compiled by the ministries and agencies within October and to have the second supplementary budget for 2022, which will support the countermeasures, adopted within the year.
According to reports, the Japanese government will consider including in the measures an extension of the gasoline subsidy, which was decided to be implemented until the end of the year, and an increase in the amount of the “temporary local generation deposit” that local governments can freely use for price measures. Projects related to new capitalism include support for re-learning for those who have embarked on society and for emerging businesses, as well as promoting investment to achieve a decarbonized society. The demand for tourism is expected to increase under the New Crown epidemic, and strong support will also be provided for measures to stimulate demand and improve the admission system.
Regarding the size of the supplementary budget, it is believed that the coordination will be promoted mainly around 20 trillion yen (about 970 billion yuan), and it is expected that a large part of it will be raised through the national debt as a loan.
7. 韩国经济出现迅猛发展和高通胀并存的局面
虽然通胀严重,但是据韩国近期发布的一项数据显示,今年7月,韩国失业率为2.9%,降到了较低水平。与此同时,韩国企业深受“用工荒”之苦。据韩国媒体报道,2022年第一季度有17万多个就业岗位无人问津,餐饮、建筑和制造业等传统体力行业的“用工荒”现象尤为严重。
值得注意的是,为解决在韩留学生就业问题,韩国将于10月21日在首尔市江南区三成洞的韩国国际会展中心(COEX)举行“2022外国留学生招聘博览会”,时间为两天。近年来,传统上排斥外来移民的韩国,也展现出了明显的开放性。
7.Korea’s economy is experiencing rapid growth and high inflation at the same time
Despite severe inflation, the unemployment rate in Korea fell to a low level of 2.9% in July this year, according to a recent data release. At the same time, Korean companies are suffering from “labor shortage”. According to the Korean media, more than 170,000 jobs were left unfilled in the first quarter of 2022, and the “labor shortage” is particularly serious in traditional manual industries such as catering, construction and manufacturing.
It is worth noting that in order to solve the employment problem of foreign students in Korea, Korea will hold the “2022 Job Fair for Foreign Students” at the Korea International Exhibition Center (COEX) in Samseong-dong, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, for two days on October 21. In recent years, Korea, which has traditionally rejected foreign immigrants, has shown a marked openness.