2022年10月新闻热点(Recent hotspots October 2022)
作者:Publius
目录:
1.美国共和党领袖表态支持改革选举的法案。
2. 韩国政府准备努力扶持半导体产业以维持竞争优势。
3.英国最近推出一系列有吸引力的签证制度
4. 英国推出的high – potential 高潜力人才签证引发关注
5. 应对日元迅速贬值,日政府积极干预
6.香港抗疫近3年今起正式进入新阶段。
7. 巴西大选第一轮投票出炉,将进行第二轮大选
2022.10.5
1.美国共和党领袖表态支持改革选举的法案。
麦康奈尔美东时间9月27日表示支持由民主共和两党参议员共同提出的一项旨在防止颠覆选举的法案,即《选举计票改革和总统过渡期改进法案》。
麦康奈尔的态度有助于大力推动这项法案的通过,同时也表明了他与特朗普的分歧。该法案在参议院规则委员会以14:1的票数获得通过,泰德•克鲁兹投了反对票。预计该议案经细微修改后,将提交给参议院全体会议表决。
1. U.S. Republican leaders expressed support for a bill to reform elections.
McConnell on September 27, EST expressed support for a bill co-sponsored by Democratic and Republican senators aimed at preventing subversion of elections, namely the Electoral Counting Reform and Presidential Transition Improvement Act.
McConnell’s attitude helped push the bill through with vigor, while also demonstrating his differences with Trump. The bill passed the Senate Rules Committee by a vote of 14-1, with Ted Cruz voting against it. The bill is expected to go to the full Senate for a vote after minor amendments.
2. 韩国政府准备努力扶持半导体产业以维持竞争优势。
据韩联社报道,美国国会通过《芯片与科学法》后,韩国官员和半导体产业的高管们担心,韩国国内的芯片制造商将在美国补贴和税收优惠的诱惑下赴美建厂,影响其国内的半导体生产。与此同时,韩国也在担忧中国政府大力扶持下中国的存储芯片产业。
韩国科学技术信息通信部长官李宗昊表示,面临激烈的竞争局面,韩国的半导体产业正在被一种“危机感”笼罩着。他指出,韩国最近通过的一项立法“为支持半导体行业应对来自美国、中国大陆、日本、欧洲和台湾等地的激烈竞争奠定了法律基础”,旨在加强韩国在供应链和安全方面的竞争力。韩国产业通商资源部通商交涉本部长安德根上周也表示,韩国半导体产业对美国政府的政策表示担忧。他还承认,韩美两国在限制向中国境内设施转移先进制造设备方面存在分歧。
2. The South Korean government is preparing to make efforts to support the semiconductor industry to maintain a competitive advantage.
According to Yonhap News Agency, after the U.S. Congress passed the introduction of the Chip and Science Act, South Korean officials and executives of the semiconductor industry are worried that South Korean domestic chip makers are tempted by U.S. subsidies and tax incentives to build factories in the U.S., affecting their domestic semiconductor production. At the same time, South Korea is also worried about China’s memory chip industry under the Chinese government’s strong support.
South Korea’s Ministry of Science, Technology, Information and Communications Minister Lee Jong-ho said that facing fierce competition, South Korea’s semiconductor industry is being a “sense of crisis” enveloped. He pointed out that South Korea recently passed a legislation “to support the semiconductor industry to cope with fierce competition from the United States, China, Japan, Europe and Taiwan and other places to lay the legal basis”, aimed at strengthening the competitiveness of South Korea in the supply chain and security. The South Korean Ministry of Industry, Trade and Resources, the head of the Department of Commerce and Trade Negotiations An Deok-geun also said last week that the Korean semiconductor industry is concerned about the U.S. government’s policy. He also acknowledged that South Korea and the United States disagree on limiting the transfer of advanced manufacturing equipment to facilities in China.
3.英国最近推出一系列有吸引力的签证制度
2022年8月22日,英国移民局新晋开放‘Scale-up’签证,这是英国移民政策改革的重大举措,也释放出了英国吸引全球杰出人才和高增长潜力的企业的信号。
按照移民局的最新规定,申请发放该签证担保的企业需证明:
1. 在3年期间,员工数量或营业额年增长率20%或以上
2. 在3年期间,公司员工数在10人或以上
此外,企业无需像工签牌照申请一般提供相应材料,英国移民局仅需通过审核该企业的PAYE(个税代扣代缴)和VAT(增值税)申报表来判定其是否符合Scale-up 签证担保资质的要求。因此,与工签牌照的申请流程相比,申请Scale-up签证的担保资质相对简化了流程、节约企业及移民局双方的时间和成本。同时也扩大可作为雇主担保的企业范围,可吸引更多全球杰出人才通过此计划来英工作、生活。
3. The UK has recently introduced a series of attractive visa regimes
On August 22, 2022, UK Immigration newly opened the ‘Scale-up’ visa, a major step in the reform of UK immigration policy and a signal that the UK is attracting outstanding global talent and high growth potential businesses.
According to the latest regulations of the Immigration Department, businesses applying for sponsorship for the issuance of this visa are required to demonstrate that.
1. an annual growth rate of 20% or more in the number of employees or turnover over a 3-year period
2. the number of employees in the company is 10 or more during the 3-year period
In addition, the business does not need to provide the same documents as a work permit application. The UK Immigration Service only needs to review the PAYE and VAT returns of the business to determine whether it meets the requirements for sponsorship of a Scale-up visa. Therefore, compared to the work permit application process, the Scale-up visa sponsorship process is simpler, saving time and costs for both the company and the immigration office. It also expands the range of companies that can be sponsored as employers, which will attract more global talents to work and live in the UK through this program.
4. 英国推出的high – potential 高潜力人才签证引发关注
High-Potential Individual 高潜力人才签证于2022年5月30日开放申请。这一签证主要针对英国以外全球知名院校新晋毕业生(毕业时间需在递交申请的五年以内)。其简便的申请流程和无需工作担保或工作Offer的属性,注定了它会是一个吸引全球高潜力人才、杰出人才的签证。
对于申请全球高潜力人才签证,申请者需满足以下条件:
1. 毕业于英国以外全球范围内知名院校
2.院校位列英国移民局所公布的Global University List
3. 申请递交日前5年内获得以上本科及以上学位
4. 学位通过Ecctis的认证
该签证适合英国外名校毕业的高潜力人才,可携带家属来英生活、工作。
4.UK’s high – potential talent visa raises concerns
Applications for the High-Potential Individual visa will open on May 30, 2022. This visa is intended for new graduates from globally renowned institutions outside the UK (within five years of application). Its easy application process and the fact that no job sponsorship or job offer is required make it an attractive visa for high potential and outstanding talent from around the world.
For applying for the Global High Potential Talent Visa, the applicant must meet the following requirements.
1. graduated from a globally renowned institution outside the UK
2. The institution is listed on the Global University List published by the UK Immigration Service
3. Have obtained a bachelor’s degree or higher within 5 years before the date of application
4. The degree is accredited by Ecctis
This visa is suitable for high potential talents who graduated from prestigious schools outside the UK and can bring their family members to live and work in the UK.
5. 应对日元迅速贬值,日政府积极干预
日本政府和央行从9月22日起为阻止日元急速贬值,采取了买进日元卖出美元的干预汇市措施。美联储(FRB)21日决定大幅升息,日本央行22日鉴于决定维持大规模货币宽松政策后外汇市场上日元汇率一度跌破1美元兑145.5日元,决定干预。
据多家大型金融机构称,实施干预后,日元汇率一度急速升至1美元兑140.70日元附近。近来日元贬值的背后原因是日美货币政策的差异。美联储为遏制物价上涨在推进升息,而日本央行维持大规模货币宽松并将利率控制在很低水平,因此市场上出售日元购入有望获得较高收益率的美元的动向加速。
5.In response to the rapid depreciation of the yen, the Japanese government actively intervened
The Japanese government and the central bank on the 22nd to stop the rapid depreciation of the yen, to buy the yen to sell the dollar intervention measures in the currency market. The Federal Reserve (FRB) 21 decided to raise interest rates sharply, the Bank of Japan 22 in view of the decision to maintain a large-scale monetary easing policy on the foreign exchange market, the yen exchange rate once fell below 145.5 yen per dollar, decided to intervene.
According to a number of large financial institutions, after the implementation of intervention, the yen exchange rate once rose sharply to 1 U.S. dollar to 140.70 yen near. The reason behind the recent depreciation of the yen is the difference between the monetary policies of Japan and the United States. The Federal Reserve to curb rising prices in the push to raise interest rates, while the Bank of Japan to maintain large-scale monetary easing and interest rates at a very low level, so the market to sell the yen to buy the dollar is expected to get a higher yield movement accelerated.
6.香港抗疫近3年今起正式进入新阶段。
香港入境检疫政策「0+3」于26日早上6时起正式实施,即全面取消酒店隔离,改为家居或酒店3日医学监测。
四大便利措施还包括来港易与回港易计划将不再设有限额,并适用于内地所有地方及澳门抵港人士。
另外,香港特区政府宣布9月24日举行的记者会为最后一场疫情记者会。
9月26日早上6时起,入境香港的旅客不用再到酒店进行隔离,只需进行3天医学健康监测即可。健康监测期间可外出,但不能进入餐馆酒吧等场所。而之前正在酒店隔离的旅客,可在今日早上6时起即时离开指定检疫酒店。
另外,香港还取消了旅客登机前的核酸检测阴性证明要求,用快速抗原检测结果代替;取消没完成疫苗接种的香港居民不能登机的限制;便利澳门、内地人士进入香港的“来港易”、“回港易”免隔离计划,不设每日额度限制,适用地区将涵盖内地所有地区和澳门。
6. Hong Kong has been fighting the epidemic for nearly 3 years and has now officially entered a new phase.
Hong Kong’s immigration quarantine policy “0 + 3” officially implemented at 6 a.m. today, that is, the full abolition of hotel isolation, replaced by home or hotel 3 days of medical surveillance.
The four major facilitation measures also include the Easy Entry and Easy Return Scheme will no longer have a quota and will be applicable to all Mainland places and Macau arrivals.
In addition, the HKSAR government announced that the press conference held on September 24 will be the last press conference on the outbreak.
Starting at 6:00 a.m. on September 26, visitors entering Hong Kong will no longer be required to go to hotels for quarantine and will only be required to undergo 3-day medical health surveillance. They can go out during the health monitoring period, but cannot enter restaurants, bars and other places. And travelers who are previously in hotel quarantine can leave the designated quarantine hotel immediately from 6 a.m. today.
In addition, Hong Kong also abolished the requirement of negative nucleic acid test certificate before boarding passengers, with rapid antigen test results instead; cancel the restriction that Hong Kong residents who have not completed vaccination can not board the plane; to facilitate Macao, mainland people to enter Hong Kong “easy to come to Hong Kong”, “easy to return to Hong Kong The “Easy Entry” and “Easy Return” programs, which facilitate the entry of Macau and mainlanders into Hong Kong, will not have a daily quota limit and will cover all regions of the mainland and Macau.
7. 巴西大选第一轮投票出炉,将进行第二轮大选
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10月2日举行的巴西大选第一轮投票结果出炉,在计票进度为99.99%的情况下,巴西前总统卢拉(Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva)获得了48.43%的有效选票,而现总统博索纳罗(Jair Bolsonaro)的得票率为43.20%。由于没有人得票率超过50%,二人将在10月30日举行的大选第二轮投票中一决胜负。
综合巴西“G1”网站和《圣保罗页报》报道,本轮投票中,博索纳罗的得票率远高于前一天结束的民意调查的预期(36%),而卢拉此前谋求第一轮获胜的努力宣告失败。此外,另外两名总统候选人西蒙娜•特贝特(Simone Tebet)和西罗•戈麦斯(Ciro Gomes)分别获得了4.16%和3.04%的有效选票。
巴西近年来连续受到政治和社会分裂、新冠疫情、国际局势剧烈变化和高通胀的冲击,本次选举中卢拉和博索纳罗两方的冲突达到了前所未有的高度。此前,博索纳罗曾经表示,如果败选,自己将不承认选举结果,还曾呼吁军队“站到自己的一边”,因此分析人士普遍认为,选举后巴西政治充满不确定性。
7.The first round of voting in Brazil’s general election is out, and there will be a second round of general election
The results of the first round of Brazil’s general election held on Oct. 2 are in. With 99.99 percent of the votes counted, former Brazilian President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva received 48.43 percent of the valid votes, while current President Jair Bolsonaro received 43.20 percent of the votes. With no one receiving more than 50 percent of the vote, the two will face off in a runoff election on Oct. 30.
Brazil’s “G1” website and “Folha de São Paulo” newspaper reported that Bolsonaro’s share of the vote in this round was much higher than expected in polls that ended the day before (36 percent), while Lula’s previous efforts to win the first round were declared a failure. In addition, two other presidential candidates, Simone Tebet and Ciro Gomes, received 4.16% and 3.04% of the valid votes, respectively.
Brazil has been continuously hit by political and social divisions, the new crown epidemic, drastic changes in the international situation and high inflation in recent years, and the conflict between Lula and Bosonaro reached an unprecedented height in this election. Previously, Bosonaro had said that if he lost the election will not recognize the election results, but also had called on the military to “stand on their side”, so after the election Brazilian politics is full of uncertainty.